A chemical probe technique for the determination of reactive halogen species in aqueous solution: Part 2 – chloride solutions and mixed bromide/chloride solutions

Although reactive halogen species (X*=X, •X−2 , X2 and HOX, where X=Br, Cl, or I) are important environmental oxidants, relatively little is known about their kinetics in condensed phases such as seawater and sea-salt particles. Here we describe a new technique to determine reactive chlorine and bromine species in aqueous solutions by using allyl alcohol (CH2=CHCH2OH) as a chemical probe. This probe is combined with competition kinetics in order to determine steady state concentrations of X*(aq). In some cases the technique also can be used to determine the rates of formation and lifetimes of X* in aqueous solution. In a companion paper we reported the results of our method development for aqueous solutions containing only bromide (Br). In this paper, we discuss method development for solutions containing chloride (Cl) alone, and for solutions containing both bromide and chloride.